References
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https://www.census.gov/data-tools/demo/idb/#/dashboard?COUNTRY_YEAR=2023&COUNTRY_YR_ANIM=2023
Worldometer. (2023). Current world population. Retrieved on July 16, 2023
https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/
Gender
Countrymeters. (2023). World population. Retrieved on October 18, 2023.
https://countrymeters.info/en/World#:~:text=Below%20are%20the%20key%20figures%20for%20the%20world,rural%20areas%20%2846%20%25%20of%20total%20world%20population%29
Ritchie, H. & Roser, M. (2019). Gender ratio. Our World Data.
https://ourworldindata.org/gender-ratio#what-share-of-the-population-is-male-and-female
The World Bank. (2022). Data: Population, female (% of total population).
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS
The World Bank. (2022). Data: Population, male (% of total population).
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.MA.ZS
Age:
Central Intelligence Agency. (2023, October 3). Field listing- Age structure. The World Factbook.
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/age-structure/
United Nations. (2022). World population prospects 2022: Standard population.
https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/Population/
Geography:
Central Intelligence Agency. (2023, October 3). World. The World Factbook.
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/
United Nations. (2022). World Population Prospects 2022: Summary of Results.
https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/wpp2022_summary_of_results.pdf
Religion
Central Intelligence Agency. (2023, October 3). People and society. The World Factbook.
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/#people-and-society
Most-Spoken First Language
Central Intelligence Agency. (2023, October 3). Field listing- Languages. The World Factbook.
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/languages
Most-Spoken Language
Central Intelligence Agency. (2023, October 3). Field listing- Languages. The World Factbook.
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/languages
Overall Literacy
Roser, M. & Ortiz-Ospina, E. (2018, September 20). Literacy. Our World in Data.
https://ourworldindata.org/literacy
The World Bank. (2022). Data: Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above).
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.MA.ZS
The World Bank. (2022). Data: Literacy rate, adult female (% of males ages 15 and above).
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.FE.ZS
The World Bank. (2022). Data: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above).
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.ZS
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (2017). Literacy rates continue to rise from one generation to the next
https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/fs45-literacy-rates-continue-rise-generation-to-next-en-2017_0.pdf
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (2019). SDG 4 data digest how to produce and use the global and thematic education indicators.
https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/sdg4-data-digest-2019-en.pdf
Education
The World Bank. (2022, October 24). Data: Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group).
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.PRM.CMPT.FE.ZS
The World Bank. (2022, October 24). Data: Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group).
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.PRM.CMPT.MA.ZS
UNESCO. (2023). Gender equality in education.
https://uis.unesco.org/en/topic/gender-equality-education
World Economic Forum. (2019, December 16). Global gender gap report 2020: Infographics.
https://www.weforum.org/reports/gender-gap-2020-report-100-years-pay-equality/infographics
Shelter
United Nations. (2020, March 9). First-ever United Nations resolutions on homelessness.
https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/2020/03/resolution-homelessness/
Henry, P. (2021, October 29). These innovative projects are tackling homelessness around the world. World Economic Form.
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/10/innovative-projects-tackling-homelessness-around-the-world/
World Population Review. (2023). Homelessness by country 2023.
https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/homelessness-by-country
Urban/Rural
Central Intelligence Agency. (2023, November 6). Field listing- Urbanization. The World Factbook.
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/urbanization/
Drinking Water
Central Intelligence Agency. (n.d.). Field listing – Drinking water sources. The World Factbook.
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/drinking-water-source
Mao, B. (2022, August 2). Low-income communities lack access to clean water. It’s time for change. World Economic Forum.
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/08/access-clean-water-inequality-financing/#:~:text=Yet%2C%20our%20world's%20water%20resources,between%20water%20supply%20and%20demand
World Health Organization. (2023, September 13). Drinking-water.
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/drinking-water
World Economic Forum. (2019). Global gender gap report 2020. The pay gap.
https://www.weforum.org/reports/gender-gap-2020-report-100-years-pay-equality/infographics
Food
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2022). The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2022: Repurposing food and agricultural policies to make healthy diets more affordable.
https://www.fao.org/3/cc0639en/online/cc0639en.html
Ritchie, H. (2022, February 4). What is undernourishment and how is it measured? Our World in Data.
https://ourworldindata.org/undernourishment-definition
Ritchie, H., Rosado, P. & Roser, M. (2023). Hunger and Undernourishment. Our World in Data.
https://ourworldindata.org/hunger-and-undernourishment
World Health Organization. (2022, July 6). UN report: Global hunger numbers rose to as many as 828 million in 2021.
https://www.who.int/news/item/06-07-2022-un-report--global-hunger-numbers-rose-to-as-many-as-828-million-in-2021
Infectious Disease
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, July 29). Long COVID or post-COVID updates.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/long-term-effects/index.html?fbclid=IwAR205Nh4K-1pg9YWxunQF3N-vd0d1JWqLXApjzm0DRCtZl3wDWJ3m8wKE8E
Chen, C., Haupert, S., Zimmermann, L., Shi, X., Fritsche, L., & Mykherjee, B. (2022). Global prevalence of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or long Covid: A meta-analysis and systematic review. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 226(9), 1593-1607.
Davis, H., McCorkell, L., Vogel, J., & Topol, E. (2023). Long Covid: Major findings, mechanisms and recommendations. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 21, 133-146.
Holder, J. (2023, March 13). Tracking Coronavirus vaccinations around the world. The New York Times.
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/world/covid-vaccinations-tracker.html
O’Mahoney, L., Routen, A., Gillies, C., Ekezie, W., Welford, A., Zhang, A., Karamchandani, U., Simms-Williams, N., Cassambai, S., Ardavani, A., Wilkinson, T., Hawthorne, G., Curtis, F., Kingsnorth, A., Almaqhawi, A., Ward, T., Ayoubkhani, D., Banerjee, A., Calvert, M., Shafran, R., Stephenson, T., Sterne, J., Ward, H., Evans, R., Zaccardi, F., Wright, S., & Khunti, K. (2023). The prevalence and long-term health effects of Long Covid among hospitalised and non-hospitalised populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 55, 1-10.
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World Health Organization. (2023, May 19). Global excess deaths associated with COVID-19 (modelled estimates).
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World Health Organization. (2022). The global health observatory: HIV.
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World Health Organization. (2022). World health statistics 2022: Monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals.
https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240051157
Poverty
The World Bank. (2023). Understanding poverty.
https://www.worldbank.org/en/understanding-poverty
The World Bank. (2022). Fact sheet: An adjustment to global poverty lines.
https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/factsheet/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-an-adjustment-to-global-poverty-lines
United Nations. (2023). Global issues: Ending poverty.
https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/ending-poverty
Electricity
Cozzi, L, Westzel, D., Tonolo. G., & Hyppolite II, J. (2022, November 3). For the first time in decades, the number of people without access to electricity is set to increase in 2022. IEA.
https://www.iea.org/commentaries/for-the-first-time-in-decades-the-number-of-people-without-access-to-electricity-is-set-to-increase-in-2022
The World Bank. (2023). Access to electricity (% of population).
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS?most_recent_value_desc=true
Technology
Central Intelligence Agency. (2023, October 3). Communications. The World Factbook.
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/#communications
The Telecommunications Development Sector. (2023). Statistics.
https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx
The World Bank. (202). Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people).
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.CEL.SETS.P2
Sanitation
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, May 31). Global water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH): Fast facts.
https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/global/wash_statistics.html
The World Bank. (2022, October 6). Sanitation.
https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/sanitation
World Health Organization. (2023, October 3). Sanitation.
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sanitation